Modern spectroscopic techniques for the study of electronic and magnetic properties of crystalline solids are developed. Innovative synchrotron radiation based experiments are conceived and realised, in particular in the fields of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and high energy x-ray photoemission, as well as pump-probe reflectivity and photoemission exploiting ultrashort laser pulses. Electron microscopy with chemical sensitivity and magneto optical Kerr effect are also utilized.